As the fabled ball dropped on Times Square at the stroke of midnight Dec. 31, 2022, it signaled not just the birth of a new year, but also the end of an era—the Fauci era. On Nov. 2, 1984, Anthony Stephen Fauci, MD, was appointed director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). On Dec. 31, after 13,939 days in office, he stepped down. Those 38 years, one month, and 30 days made him the longest-serving director of any of the 27 institutes and centers that comprise the National Institutes of Health (NIH).